Whenever folks gather to talk about killing fields in Nigeria,
Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states easily come to mind. In recent past,
Jos, the Plateau State capital assumed the inglorious position as the
most notorious city to live in Nigeria. Scores of deaths were recorded
every day. A city once acclaimed to be calm and peaceful became
Nigeria’s version of Iraq and Afghanistan. For now, the killings appear
to have abated. Unknown to many, there is a town called Ekpoma, located
in Edo State, South-south Nigeria where there is a raging war of a
kind. Those engaged in this bloodbath are not terrorists or militants;
they are students, farmers and artisans in the community. For keen
observers who have followed the blood orgy, cultism in the historic town
has been taken too far.
Ekpoma town is the second most popular city in Edo State, after
Benin City, the state capital. It has an area of 502 km² and a
population of 125,842, according to the 2006 census. The popular Ambrose
Alli University (AAU) is situated in the town. It also boasts of
notable Nigerians and heavyweight politicians. The main language
spoken by indigenes is Esan. Pidgin is equally very popular and has
become the lingua franca in the town. The town accommodates strangers
from every part of the country and they live happily together in peace.
However, that peace has come under severe threats by sons of anarchy
who have turned the place to a war zone. The endless cult clashes have
resulted in the death of hundreds of students and locals. The situation
has so degenerated that the community becomes a ghost town after 8pm
every day, for fear of being raped, robbed, murdered or attacked by
cultists. In Ekpoma, everyone now sleeps with one eye wide open.
The genesis
Violent clashes between rival cult groups in Ekpoma is as old as the
university in the town, AAU. Until the mid 1990s when students of the
university had a running battle with the military and scores of students
were killed, cultism was regarded as something reserved for the misfits
of the society. After the military massacre that claimed over 100
lives of students, various cult groups embarked on massive membership
drive. Freshmen were initiated, while old students were sometimes
blackmailed to enlist. Since then, the university community and the
entire Ekpoma town has lost its peace.
Since the late 1990s, there has not been any semester that students
are not massacred or engaged in inter-cult battle. At some point, some
of the killings happened within the university campus. Vice chancellors
and deans of students at different times, tried endlessly to mediate.
Sometimes, they succeeded; at other times, they failed. During those
mediation meetings, the vice chancellors, the dean of students, the
police DPO and leaders of various leaders of the cult groups stayed up
through the nights. A popular spot located opposite the famous
Igbinedion Hostel inside the university campus, was the meeting point.
In its drive to stem the endless killings back then, the university
authority backed the formation of Anti-Cult Campaign Organisation of
Nigeria (ACCON). In its first few years, the group succeeded in waging
coordinated war against cult-related activities in the university.
Things, however, changed when some daredevil cult members launched an
early morning attack on the base of ACCON in 2003 and killed eight of
its members. Thereafter, cultists infiltrated the group and weakened its
structure. Since then, it has lost its valour and it has been unable to
tackle cultism in the university. Observers and students believe the
anti-cult group is now being run by cultists. In which instance, the
devil thrives unchecked.
The new trend
In Ekpoma, it is difficult to tell who is a cultist. The whole town
has become a tapestry of cultists. Membership of cult groups is no
longer a special privilege enjoyed by students of AAU. Locals are the
new bosses. Mechanics, farmers, electricians,
okada riders and
other artisans/technicians have enlisted and the war is raging. A
former student of the university, Ehichioya (last name withheld), who
runs a barber shop in the town sat down with our correspondent and gave
graphical details of how cultism has eaten deep into every fabric of
life in Ekpoma. He equally spoke on series of coordinated killings in
the area and how police appear to have been compromised.
“In Ekpoma, it is a crime to be law-abiding”, he began. “I have spent
all my life in this town. I am in my early 30s, so I can tell you I
understand how this town works. I am very scared and many too in this
town are scared. There is too much lawlessness going on here and those
that should ensure there is peace are doing nothing. It is so bad that
parents can no longer tell their children what to do. It might not be as
bad as
Boko Haram in the North, but we are in real trouble.
“In the past, only few students were members of popular cult groups. I
remember then as a kid how students used to block the express lane when
they were protesting. I also remember how cult members used to clash
and kill themselves. But the school authority was quick to intervene
then. Things really got bad when a certain vice chancellor took over in
2004. He destroyed students union activism and started fraternising with
cult members and holding meetings with them. That action gave some sort
of backing to those boys. Because they knew they were not going to be
arrested, they started recruiting and initiating more members. This new
relationship between cult members and the vice chancellor gave rise to
cult activities.
“Before you knew it, cult boys started fighting inside the campus.
Soon, they took over the Students’ Union Government (SUG). They started
insisting on sponsoring their members that will form part of SUG.
Before you could say jack, SUG officials started joining cult groups. It
became an unwritten rule that you must belong to a known cult group
before you could be elected as president of SUG. As I speak, that rule
is still there. Most SUG members in AAU are cult members and the current
vice chancellor is helpless.”
Aluya spoke further: “Now, it is different. What we have in Ekpoma is
now street cultism. All sort of people are joining cult groups. Today,
mechanics are even joining cult groups. Sometimes, when you take your
car to a local mechanic in Ekpoma, you see something very strange. When
a mechanic goes under your car, you see a gun attached to his trousers.
He openly wears his band or cap which displays the cult group he
belongs to. That is how far they have taken cultism in Ekpoma.
Okada men threaten you and openly tell you that they belong to a cult group and nothing will happen to them.
“Secondary school students have started joining cults now. Some carry
guns to school and this is very common in public schools. So, by the
time these boys get to the university, cultism becomes a child’s play
to them. They see cultism as a lucrative venture and many young people
are lured to join. Some of them have become armed robbers. They lay
siege along the highway and even attack private homes at night. Go to
Iruekpen, Ujemen, Eguare, Ihumudumu and all small towns and villages in
Ekpoma. It is the same story. Cultism has gone to the streets.”
There is a particular hotel in Ujemen owned by a former chairman of
the local government. That hotel is the new den of robbers in Ekpoma.
Cult wars start and end in that hotel. Only on Christmas day, some group
of cult boys stabbed a 22-year-old boy to death. Prior to that ugly
incident, a similar case was reported of how another young man was shot
dead in the same hotel.
Armed robbery attacks in Ekpoma
In 2011, some dare-devil robbers, suspected to be students of AAU,
launched a daylight attack in one of the new generation banks. Lives
were wasted and millions of Naira carted away. According to
eyewitnesses, the robbers spent over two hours and police officers in
the area were chased away. “It was a gory experience and something I
wish I could erase from my memory. What really surprised me on that
fateful day was how a young lady mounted the main road and chased
policemen away,” one of the eyewitnesses recalled.
During that deadly attack that changed a lot of things in the town, the assailants stormed the town with a
juju man
and dynamites. The entrance to the building was bombed and sporadic
gunshots were fired. There were series of other high-profile bank
robberies in the town within the period. Angered by the refusal of Edo
State government to act swiftly, all the commercial banks in the town
closed down operations for over six months. Residents were forced to
carry out their bank transactions in Benin City, Uromi or Auchi. After
series of pleas and interventions from stakeholders, banks in the area
reopened, but only work half day for fear of being attacked again by
robbers.
“I remember that day those robbers came to Ekpoma. It was like a war
situation. A girl operating a salon opposite the bank was killed by a
stray bullet. Policemen were chased way. Even military guys were scared
to engage the robbers. For over two hours, they operated freely and held
the town hostage. Before that major robbery, the town had witnessed
other robbery attacks. Banks were always targeted and people were even
scared to go to the banks. The sad thing is that, we all know how this
thing started and since everyone has been compromised, no one can bring
an end to this madness,” Aluya spoke briefly on robbery attacks in the
town.
There is another fear silently expressed by residents and natives of
the town as the country prepares for the general elections. It is an
established fact that elections in Ekpoma are among the most violent in
the country. Snatching of ballot boxes and harassment of voters are
common occurrences in the area. With the proliferation of arms in the
town and the secret backing of some candidates by known cult groups,
violence might break out in Ekpoma and spill over to other neighbouring
towns and villages.